The Role of Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Globalization in Environmental Degradation: Empirical Evidence from the BRICS Region

This paper examines the effect of energy consumption, globalization, and economic growth on CO2 emission BRICS (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China South Africa) region. Using annual data from 1989 to 2019, this research applies a panel cointegration approach. In framework, we use Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) Dynamic (DOLS) methods examine long-run relationship between selected variables. empirical investigation reveals that there is association these variables, consumption positively significantly affects carbon in countries. These results indicate primary source environmental degradation contrast, globalization (KOF Index Globalization) negatively emission, implying improvement quality. Further, could not find presence Kuznets curve Policy guidelines are suggested line findings.